Standard |
Provides an introduction to basic chemical principles and concepts which explain the behavior of matter. Topics include: measurements and units, structure of matter, chemical bonding, chemical reactions, gas laws, liquid mixtures, acids and bases, salts and buffers, and nuclear chemistry.
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Competency Areas |
Hours
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Measurements and Units |
Class |
4 |
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Structure of Matter |
D. Lab |
0 |
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Chemical Bonding |
P. Lab/O.B.I. |
3 |
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Chemical Reactions |
Credit |
5 |
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Gas Laws |
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Liquid Mixtures |
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Acids and Bases |
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Salts and Buffers |
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Nuclear Chemistry |
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Prerequisite: |
MAT 191 |
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Corequisite: |
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Course Guide |
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Competency |
After completing this
section, the student will: |
Hours |
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Class |
D.Lab |
P.Lab/ O.B.I. |
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MEASURMENTS AND UNITS |
2 |
0 |
2 |
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Metric, S.I., and English systems |
Convert among metric, English, and S.I. units. |
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Density and specific gravity |
Measure and solve problems of density and specific gravity. |
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Temperature scales |
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STRUCTURE OF MATTER |
4 |
0 |
3 |
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Atomic structure |
Identify the three subatomic particles, their properties, and relationships. |
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Atomic mass and atomic number |
Determine and explain significance of each. |
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Electron configurations |
Describe atomic structure noting energy level, sublevels, orbitals, and electrons. |
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Periodic table |
Relate atomic structure and the periodic table. |
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Composition of matter |
Compare the composition of elements, compounds, and mixtures. |
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States of matter |
Compare solids, liquids, and gases. |
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Determine melting point and boiling point. |
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CHEMICAL BONDING |
4 |
0 |
3 |
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Types of bonds |
Describe ionic, polar, and non-polar covalent bonds. |
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Molecular formulas and compounds |
Describe the formation of stable (unstable) ions. |
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Determine electron-dot structure for atoms, ions, and compounds. |
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Name ionic, covalent compounds. |
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Calculate oxidation number from a formula. |
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Molecular weight |
Calculate the molecular weight of a compound. |
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Calculate percentage composition from a molecular formula. |
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CHEMICAL REACTIONS
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8 |
0 |
5 |
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Types of reactions |
Identify the types of chemical reactions. |
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Oxidation-reduction reactions (RE-DOX) |
Describe oxidation and reduction. Identify oxidizing and reducing agents. |
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Equations |
Describe reactions with balanced equations. |
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Stoichiometry |
Use stoichiometry to perform conversions of amounts of different species in a reaction. |
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Relate Avogadro’s number to the mole concept. |
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Equilibrium |
Explain LeChaterlier’s Principle. |
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Identify factors that affect an equilibrium reaction. |
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Calculate the equilibrium constant for a given reaction. |
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Interpret the meaning of equilibrium constant. |
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Identify factors that affect an equilibrium reaction. |
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Calculate the equilibrium constant for a given reaction. |
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Interpret the meaning of equilibrium constant. |
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Reaction rates |
Determine the rate of a reaction. |
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Describe factors which affect the rate of reaction. |
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Describe the difference between rate and equilibrium. |
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GAS LAWS |
4 |
0 |
3 |
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Properties of gases |
Describe the kinetic molecular theory as it relates to the properties of gases. |
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Gas laws |
Interpret and compare Boyles’ Law, Charles’ Law, and Gay Lusaac’s Law. |
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Describe combined gas law and ideal gas law. |
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Interpret Dalton’s Law and Grahm’s Law. |
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LIQUID MIXTURES
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4 |
0 |
3 |
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Solutions |
Describe properties of a solution. |
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Describe methods of expressing concentration. |
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Solve problems dealing with concentrations. |
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Suspensions |
Identify properties of a suspension. |
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Colloidal dispersions |
Identify properties of a colloidal dispersion. |
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Water |
Describe its properties and physical constants. |
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ACIDS AND BASES |
8 |
0 |
5 |
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Acids |
Identify the properties, uses, and reactions of acids. |
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Bases |
Identify the properties uses and reactions of bases. |
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Ionization |
Describe ionization as it relates to acid or base strength. |
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pH |
Explain pH scale. Calculate pH from [H3O] or [OH]. |
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SALTS AND BUFFERS
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2 |
0 |
3 |
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Reactions of salts |
Explain hydrolysis as it relates to pH. |
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Buffer solutions |
Explain how buffers maintain pH. |
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NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
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4 |
0 |
3 |
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Radioactive decays |
Explain alpha, beta, and gamma decays. |
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Suggested Resources |
Bettelheim, F. A.,
& Landesburg, J. (1994). Introduction
to general, organic, and biochemistry (2nd ed.). Orlando: Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich.
Bettelheim, F. A., & Landesburg, J. (1997).
Laboratory manual for general, organic,
and biochemistry (5th ed.). Orlando: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.