|
Standard |
Rev: 4/18/07;
Posted: 06/11/07
Course Description
This Unit is designed to introduce the student to assessment and
management of the trauma patient, to include: systematic approach to the
assessment and management of trauma, demonstration of the assessment and
management of certain types of trauma patients and bodily injuries. Student
should complete the requirements for the Basic Trauma Life Support Course or
the Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support Course.
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Competency Areas |
Hours |
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Systemic Approach To The Assessment And Management Of Trauma |
Class |
4 |
|
Demonstrate Assessment And Management For: |
D. Lab |
2 |
|
Hemorrhage/Shock, Burns, And The Following
Types Of Trauma: |
P. Lab/O.B.I. |
0 |
|
Soft Tissue, Head/Facial, Spinal,
Thoracic, Abdominal, And Musculoskeletal
|
Credit |
5 |
|
Successfully Complete BTLS/PHTLS
Certification |
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Prerequisite: |
AHS 101 |
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Corequisite: |
EMS 126, EMS 127, EMS 128, |
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Course Guide |
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Competency |
After completing this section, the student will: |
Hours |
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Class |
D.Lab |
P.Lab/ O.B.I. |
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SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF TRAUMA |
3 |
0 |
0 |
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List and describe the components of a comprehensive trauma
system. |
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Describe the role of and differences between levels of trauma centers. |
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Describe the criteria for transport to a trauma center. |
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Describe the criteria and procedure for air medical
transport. |
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Define energy and force as they relate to trauma. |
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Define laws of motion and energy and understand the role
that increased speed has on injuries. |
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Describe each type of impact and its effect on
unrestrained victims (e.g., “down and under,” “up and over,” compression,
deceleration). |
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Describe the pathophysiology of the head,
spine, thorax, and abdomen that results from the above forces. |
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List specific injuries and their causes as related to interior and
exterior vehicle damage. |
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Describe the kinematics of penetrating injuries. |
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List the motion and energy considerations of mechanisms other
than motor vehicle crashes. |
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Define the role of kinematics as an additional tool for
patient assessment. |
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DEMONSTRATE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT FOR
HEMORRHAGE/SHOCK, BURNS, AND THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF TRAUMA: SOFT TISSUE, HEAD/FACIAL, SPINAL, THORACIC,
ABDOMINAL, AND MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES |
6 |
12 |
0 |
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Hemorrhage and shock |
Describe the epidemiology, including the morbidity/
mortality and prevention strategies, for shock and hemorrhage. |
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Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular
system. |
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Predict shock and hemorrhage based on mechanism of injury. |
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Discuss the various types and degrees of shock and
hemorrhage. |
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Discuss the pathophysiology of
hemorrhage and shock. |
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Discuss the assessment findings associated with hemorrhage
and shock. |
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Identify the need for intervention and transport of the
patient with hemorrhage or shock. |
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Discuss the treatment plan and management of hemorrhage
and shock. |
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Discuss the management of external hemorrhage. |
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Differentiate between controlled and uncontrolled
hemorrhage. |
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Differentiate between the administration rate and amount
of IV fluid in a patient with controlled versus uncontrolled hemorrhage. |
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Relate internal hemorrhage to the pathophysiology
of compensated and decompensated hemorrhagic shock.
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Relate internal hemorrhage to the assessment findings of
compensated and decompensated hemorrhagic shock. |
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Discuss the management of internal hemorrhage. |
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Define shock based on aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. |
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Describe the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of shock. |
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Describe the body's physiologic response to changes in
perfusion. |
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Describe the effects of decreased perfusion at the
capillary level. |
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Discuss the cellular ischemic phase related to hemorrhagic
shock. |
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Discuss the capillary stagnation phase related to
hemorrhagic shock. |
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Discuss the capillary washout phase related to hemorrhagic
shock. |
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Discuss the assessment findings of hemorrhagic shock. |
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Relate pulse pressure changes to perfusion status. |
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Relate orthostatic vital sign changes to perfusion status. |
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Define compensated and decompensated
hemorrhagic shock. |
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Discuss the pathophysiological
changes associated with compensated shock. |
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Discuss the assessment findings associated with
compensated shock. |
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Identify the need for intervention and transport of the
patient with compensated shock. |
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Discuss the treatment plan and management of compensated
shock. |
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Discuss the pathophysiological
changes associated with decompensated shock. |
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Discuss the assessment findings associated with decompensated
shock. |
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Identify the need for intervention and transport of the patient with decompensated shock. |
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Discuss the treatment plan and management of the patient with decompensated shock. |
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Differentiate between compensated and decompensated
shock. |
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Relate external hemorrhage to the pathophysiology
of compensated and decompensated hemorrhagic shock. |
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Relate external hemorrhage to the assessment findings of compensated
and decompensated hemorrhagic shock. |
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Differentiate between the normotensive, hypotensive, or profoundly hypotensive
patient. |
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Differentiate between the administration of fluid in the normotensive, hypotensive, or
profoundly hypotensive patient. |
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Discuss the physiologic changes associated with the
pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG). |
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Discuss the indications and contraindications for the
application and inflation of the PASG. |
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Apply epidemiology to develop prevention strategies for hemorrhage and
shock. |
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Integrate the pathophysiological
principles to the assessment of a patient with hemorrhage or shock. |
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Synthesize assessment findings and patient history
information to form a field impression for the patient with hemorrhage or
shock. |
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Develop, execute and evaluate a treatment plan based on
the field impression for the hemorrhage or shock patient. |
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Demonstrate the assessment of a patient with signs and
symptoms of hemorrhagic shock. |
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Demonstrate the management of a patient with signs and symptoms of
hemorrhagic shock. |
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Demonstrate the assessment of a patient with signs and
symptoms of compensated hemorrhagic shock. |
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Demonstrate the management of a patient with signs and
symptoms of compensated hemorrhagic shock. |
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Demonstrate the assessment of a patient with signs and
symptoms of decompensated hemorrhagic shock. |
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Demonstrate the management of a patient with signs and
symptoms of decompensated hemorrhagic shock. |
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Demonstrate the assessment of a patient with signs and
symptoms of external hemorrhage. |
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Demonstrate the management of a patient with signs and
symptoms of external hemorrhage. |
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Demonstrate the assessment of a patient with signs and
symptoms of internal hemorrhage. |
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Demonstrate the management of a patient with signs and
symptoms of internal hemorrhage. |
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SOFT TISSUE INJURIES |
2 |
0 |
0 |
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Discuss the assessment findings associated with open soft tissue
injuries. |
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Discuss the assessment of hemorrhage associated with open soft tissue
injuries. |
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Differentiate between the various management techniques for hemorrhage control of open soft tissue injuries,
including: Direct pressure Elevation Pressure dressing Pressure point Tourniquet application |
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Differentiate between the types of injuries requiring the use of an
occlusive versus non-occlusive dressing. |
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Identify the need for rapid assessment, intervention and appropriate
transport for the patient with a soft tissue injury. |
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Discuss the management of the soft tissue injury patient. |
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Define and discuss the following: Dressings Sterile Non-sterile Occlusive Non-occlusive Adherent Non-adherent Absorbent Non-absorbent Wet Dry Bandages Absorbent Non-absorbent Adherent Non-adherent Tourniquet |
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Predict the possible complications of an improperly applied dressing,
bandage, or tourniquet. |
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Discuss the assessment of wound healing. |
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Discuss the management of wound healing. |
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Discuss the pathophysiology of wound
infection. |
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Discuss the assessment of wound infection. |
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Discuss the management of wound infection. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a soft tissue injury. |
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Formulate treatment priorities for patients with soft tissue injuries
in conjunction with: Airway/face/neck trauma Thoracic trauma (open/closed) Abdominal trauma |
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Synthesize assessment findings and patient history information to form
a field impression for the patient with soft tissue trauma. |
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Develop, execute, and evaluate a treatment plan based on the field
impression for the patient with soft tissue trauma. |
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Defend the rationale explaining why immediate life-threats must take
priority over wound closure. |
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Defend the management regimens for various soft tissue injuries. |
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Defend why immediate life-threatening conditions take priority over
soft tissue management. |
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Value the importance of a thorough assessment for patients with soft
tissue injuries. |
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Attend to the feelings that the patient with a soft tissue injury may
experience. |
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Appreciate the importance of good follow-up care for patients
receiving sutures. |
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Understand the value of the written report for soft tissue injuries in
the continuum of patient care. |
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Demonstrate the assessment and management of a patient with signs and
symptoms of soft tissue injury, including: Contusion Hematoma Crushing Abrasion Laceration Avulsion Amputation Impaled object Penetration/puncture Blast |
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BURN INJURIES |
3 |
0 |
0 |
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At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to
integrate pathophysiological principles and the
assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement the management plan for the
patient with a burn injury. |
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Describe the anatomy and physiology pertinent to burn injuries. |
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Describe the epidemiology, including incidence, mortality/morbidity,
risk factors, and prevention strategies for the patient with a burn injury. |
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Describe the pathophysiologic complications
and systemic complications of a burn injury. |
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Identify and describe types of burn injuries, including a thermal
burn, an inhalation burn, a chemical burn, an electrical burn, and a
radiation exposure. |
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Identify and describe the depth classifications of burn injuries,
including a superficial burn, a partial-thickness burn, a full-thickness
burn, and other depth classifications described by local protocol. |
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Identify and describe methods for determining body surface area
percentage of a burn injury including the "rules of nines," the
"rules of palms," and other methods described by local protocol. |
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Identify and describe the severity of a burn including a minor burn, a
moderate burn, a severe burn, and
other severity classifications described by local protocol. |
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Differentiate criteria for determining the severity of a burn injury
between a pediatric patient and an adult patient. |
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Describe special considerations for a pediatric patient with a burn
injury. |
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Discuss considerations which impact management and prognosis of the
burn injured patient. |
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Discuss mechanisms of burn injuries. |
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Discuss conditions associated with burn injuries, including trauma,
blast injuries, airway compromise, respiratory compromise, and child abuse. |
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Describe the management of a burn injury, including airway and
ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological,
transport considerations, psychological
support/ communication strategies, and other management described by local
protocol. |
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Describe the epidemiology of a thermal burn injury. |
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Describe the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to a thermal
burn injury. |
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Describe the pathophysiology of a thermal
burn injury. |
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Identify and describe the depth classifications of a thermal burn
injury. |
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Identify and describe the severity of a thermal burn injury. |
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Describe considerations which impact management and prognosis of the
patient with a thermal burn injury. |
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Discuss mechanisms of burn injury and conditions associated with a
thermal burn injury. |
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Describe the management of a thermal burn injury, including airway and
ventilation, circulation, pharmacological,
non-pharmacological,
transport considerations, and psychological support/communication strategies. |
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Describe the epidemiology of an inhalation burn injury. |
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Describe the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to an
inhalation burn injury. |
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Describe the pathophysiology of an
inhalation burn injury. |
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Differentiate between supraglottic and infraglottic inhalation injuries. |
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Identify and describe the depth classifications of an inhalation burn
injury. |
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Identify and describe the severity of an inhalation burn injury. |
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Describe considerations which impact management and prognosis of the
patient with an inhalation burn injury. |
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Discuss mechanisms of burn injury and conditions associated with an
inhalation burn injury. |
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Describe the management of an inhalation burn injury, including airway
and ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological, transport
considerations, and psychological support/ communication strategies. |
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Describe the epidemiology of a chemical burn injury and a chemical
burn injury to the eye. |
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Describe the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to a chemical
burn injury and a chemical burn injury to the eye. |
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Describe the pathophysiology of a chemical
burn injury, including types of chemicals and their burning processes and a
chemical burn injury to the eye. |
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Identify and describe the depth classifications of a chemical burn
injury. |
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Identify and describe the severity of a chemical burn injury. |
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Describe considerations which impact management and prognosis of the
patient with a chemical burn injury and a chemical burn injury to the eye. |
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Discuss mechanisms of burn injury and conditions associated with a
chemical burn injury. |
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Describe the management of a chemical burn injury and a chemical burn
injury to the eye, including airway and ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological,
transport considerations, and psychological support/ communication
strategies. |
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Describe the epidemiology of an electrical burn injury. |
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Describe the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to an
electrical burn injury. |
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Describe the pathophysiology of an
electrical burn injury. |
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Identify and describe the depth classifications of an electrical burn
injury. |
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Identify and describe the severity of an electrical burn injury. |
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Describe considerations which impact management and prognosis of the patient with an electrical burn
injury. |
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Discuss mechanisms of burn injury and conditions associated with an
electrical burn injury. |
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Describe the management of an electrical burn injury, including airway
and ventilation, circulation, pharmacological,
non-pharmacological, transport considerations, and psychological
support/communication strategies. |
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Describe the epidemiology of a radiation exposure. |
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Describe the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to a radiation
exposure. |
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Describe the pathophysiology of a radiation
exposure, including the types and characteristics of ionizing radiation. |
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Identify and describe the depth classifications of a radiation
exposure. |
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Identify and describe the severity of a radiation exposure. |
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Describe considerations which impact management and prognosis of the
patient with a radiation exposure. |
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Discuss mechanisms of burn injury associated with a radiation
exposure. |
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Discuss conditions associated with a radiation exposure. |
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Describe the management of a radiation exposure, including airway and ventilation, circulation, pharmacological,
non-pharmacological, transport considerations, and
psychological support/communication strategies. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a thermal burn injury. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with an inhalation burn injury. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a chemical burn injury. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with an electrical burn injury. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a radiation exposure. |
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Synthesize patient history information and assessment findings to form
a field impression for the patient with a thermal burn injury. |
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Synthesize patient history information and assessment findings to form
a field impression for the patient with an inhalation burn injury. |
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Synthesize patient history information and assessment findings to form
a field impression for the patient with a chemical burn injury. |
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Synthesize patient history information and assessment findings to form
a field impression for the patient with an electrical burn injury. |
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Synthesize patient history information and assessment findings to form
a field impression for the patient with a radiation exposure. |
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Develop, execute and evaluate a management plan based on the field
impression for the patient with a thermal burn injury. |
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Develop, execute and evaluate a management plan based on the field
impression for the patient with an inhalation burn injury. |
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Develop, execute and evaluate a management plan based on the field
impression for the patient with a chemical burn injury. |
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Develop, execute and evaluate a management plan based on the field
impression for the patient with an electrical burn injury. |
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Develop, execute and evaluate a management plan based on the field
impression for the patient with a radiation exposure. |
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Value the changes of a patient's self-image associated with a burn
injury. |
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Value the impact of managing a burn injured patient. |
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Advocate empathy for a burn injured patient. |
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Assess safety at a burn injury incident. |
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Characterize mortality and morbidity based on the pathophysiology
and assessment findings of a patient with a burn injury. |
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Value and defend the sense of urgency in burn injuries. |
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Serve as a model for universal precautions and body substance
isolation (BSI). |
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Take body substance isolation procedures during assessment and
management of patients with a burn injury. |
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Perform assessment of a patient with a burn injury. |
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Perform management of a thermal burn injury, including airway and
ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological, transport
considerations, psychological support/ communication strategies, and other
management described by local protocol. |
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Perform management of an inhalation burn injury, including airway and
ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological, transport
considerations, psychological support/ communication strategies, and other
management described by local protocol. |
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Perform management of a chemical burn injury, including airway and
ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological, transport
considerations, psychological support/ communication strategies, and other
management described by local protocol. |
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|
Perform management of an electrical burn injury, including airway and
ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological, transport
considerations, psychological support/ communication strategies, and other
management described by local protocol. |
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Perform management of a radiation exposure, including airway and
ventilation, circulation, pharmacological, non-pharmacological, transport
considerations, psychological support/ communication strategies, and other
management described by local protocol. |
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HEAD/FACIAL INJURIES |
4 |
0 |
0 |
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Describe the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of facial
injures. |
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Explain facial anatomy and relate physiology to facial injuries. |
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Predict facial injuries based on mechanism of injury. |
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Predict other injuries commonly associated with facial injuries based
on mechanism of injury. |
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Differentiate between the following types of facial injuries,
highlighting the defining characteristics of each: Eye Ear Nose Throat Mouth |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a facial injury. |
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Differentiate between facial injuries based on the assessment and
history. |
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Formulate a field impression for a patient with a facial injury based
on the assessment findings. |
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Develop a patient management plan for a patient with a facial injury
based on the field impression. |
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Explain the pathophysiology of eye
injuries. |
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Relate assessment findings associated with eye injuries to pathophysiology. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with an eye injury. |
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Formulate a field impression for a patient with an eye injury based on
the assessment findings. |
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Develop a patient management plan for a patient with an eye injury
based on the field impression. |
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Explain the pathophysiology of ear
injuries. |
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Relate assessment findings associated with ear injuries to pathophysiology. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with an ear injury. |
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Formulate a field impression for a patient with an ear injury based on
the assessment findings. |
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Develop a patient management plan for a patient with an ear injury
based on the field impression. |
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Explain the pathophysiology of nose
injuries. |
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Relate assessment findings associated with nose injuries to pathophysiology. |
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Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a nose injury. |
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Formulate a field impression for a patient with a nose injury based on
the assessment findings. |
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Develop a patient management plan for a patient with a nose injury
based on the field impression. |
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|
Explain the pathophysiology of throat
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate assessment findings associated with throat injuries to pathophysiology. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a throat injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression for a patient with a throat injury based
on the assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for a patient with a throat injury
based on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of mouth
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate assessment findings associated with mouth injuries to pathophysiology. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a mouth injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression for a patient with a mouth injury based
on the assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for a patient with a mouth injury
based on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of head injures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain anatomy and relate physiology of the CNS to head injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Predict head injuries based on mechanism of injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Distinguish between head injury and brain injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of head/brain
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the concept of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the effect of increased and decreased carbon dioxide on ICP. |
|
|
|
|
|
Define and explain the process involved with each of the levels of
increasing ICP. |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate assessment findings associated with head/brain injuries to the pathophysiologic process. |
|
|
|
|
|
Classify head injuries (mild, moderate, severe) according to
assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with a head/brain injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe and explain the general management of the head/brain injury
patient, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment. |
|
|
|
|
|
Analyze the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration in the
blood and management of the airway in the head/brain injured patient. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of diffuse
axonal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate assessment findings associated with concussion, moderate and
severe diffuse axonal injury to pathophysiology. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a management plan for a patient with a moderate and severe
diffuse axonal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of skull
fracture. |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate assessment findings associated with skull fracture to pathophysiology. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a management plan for a patient with a skull fracture. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of cerebral
contusion. |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate assessment findings associated with cerebral contusion to pathophysiology. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a management plan for a patient with a cerebral
contusion. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of intracranial hemorrhage, including: Epidural Subdural Intracerebral Subarachnoid |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate assessment findings associated with intracranial hemorrhage to pathophysiology, including: Epidural Subdural Intracerebral Subarachnoid |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a management plan for a patient with a intracranial
hemorrhage, including: Epidural Subdural Intracerebral Subarachnoid |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the various types of helmets and their purposes. |
|
|
|
|
|
Relate priorities of care to factors determining the need for helmet
removal in various field situations including sports related incidents. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a management plan for the removal of a helmet for a head
injured patient. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate the pathophysiological principles
to the assessment of a patient with head/brain injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between the types of head/brain injuries based on the
assessment and history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression for a patient with a head/ brain injury
based on the assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for a patient with a head/brain
injury based on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
SPINAL INJURIES |
3 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to
integrate pathophysiological principles and the
assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment
plan for the patient with a suspected spinal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of spinal injuries in
the trauma patient. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the anatomy and physiology of structures related to spinal
injuries. Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrum Coccyx Head Brain Spinal cord Nerve tract(s) Dermatomes |
|
|
|
|
|
Predict spinal injuries based on mechanism of injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the pathophysiology of spinal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain traumatic and non-traumatic spinal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with spinal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the management of spinal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate the pathophysiological principles
to the assessment of a patient with a spinal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between spinal injuries based on the assessment and
history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression based on the assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan based on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the pathophysiology of traumatic
spinal injury related to: Spinal shock Spinal neurogenic
shock Quadriplegia/ paraplegia Incomplete cord injury/ cord syndromes: Central cord syndrome Anterior cord syndrome Brown-Sequard
syndrome |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with traumatic spinal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the management of traumatic spinal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with a traumatic spinal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between traumatic and non-traumatic spinal injuries
based on the assessment and history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression for traumatic spinal injury based on the
assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for traumatic spinal injury based on
the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the pathophysiology of
non-traumatic spinal injury, including: Low back pain Herniated intervertebral
disk Spinal cord tumors |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with non-traumatic spinal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the management of non-traumatic spinal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate pathophysiological principles to
the assessment of a patient with non-traumatic spinal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between traumatic and non-traumatic spinal injuries
based on the assessment and history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression for non-traumatic spinal injury based on
the assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for non-traumatic spinal injury
based on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Advocate the use of a thorough assessment when determining the proper
management modality for spine injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Value the implications of failing to properly immobilize a
spine-injured patient. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate a clinical assessment to determine the proper management
modality for a patient with a suspected traumatic spinal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate a clinical assessment to determine the proper management
modality for a patient with a suspected non-traumatic spinal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate immobilization of the urgent and non-urgent patient with
assessment findings of spinal injury from the following presentations: Supine Prone Semi-prone Sitting Standing |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate documentation of suspected spinal cord injury to include: General area of spinal cord involved Sensation Dermatomes Motor function Area(s) of weakness |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate preferred methods for stabilization of a helmet from a
potentially spine injured patient. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate helmet removal techniques. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate alternative methods for stabilization of a helmet from a
potentially spine injured patient. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate documentation of assessment before spinal immobilization. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate documentation of assessment during spinal immobilization. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate documentation of assessment after spinal immobilization. |
|
|
|
|
THORACIC INJURIES |
4 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to
integrate pathophysiological principles and the
assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment
plan for a patient with a thoracic injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of thoracic injuries
in the trauma patient. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the organs and structures
related to thoracic injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Predict thoracic injuries based on mechanism of injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the types of thoracic injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of thoracic
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with thoracic injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of thoracic injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with thoracic injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of specific
chest wall injuries, including: Rib fracture Flail segment Sternal fracture |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with chest wall injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with chest wall injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of chest wall injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of injury to the
lung, including: Simple pneumothorax Open pneumothorax Tension pneumothorax Hemothorax Hemopneumothorax Pulmonary contusion |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with lung injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with lung injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of lung injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with lung injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of myocardial
injuries, including: Pericardial tamponade Myocardial contusion Myocardial rupture |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with myocardial injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of myocardial injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with myocardial injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of vascular
injuries, including injuries to: Aorta Vena cava Pulmonary arteries/veins |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with vascular injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of vascular injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with vascular injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of diaphragmatic
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with diaphragmatic
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of diaphragmatic injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with diaphragmatic injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of esophageal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with esophageal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of esophageal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with esophageal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of tracheo-bronchial injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with tracheo-bronchial
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of tracheo-bronchial
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with tracheo-bronchial injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of traumatic
asphyxia. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with traumatic asphyxia. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of traumatic asphyxia. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with traumatic asphyxia. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate the pathophysiological principles
to the assessment of a patient with thoracic injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between thoracic injuries based on the assessment and
history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression based on the assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan based on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Advocate the use of a thorough assessment to determine a differential
diagnosis and treatment plan for thoracic trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Advocate the use of a thorough scene survey to determine the forces
involved in thoracic trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Value the implications of failing to properly diagnose thoracic
trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Value the implications of failing to initiate timely interventions to
patients with thoracic trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate a clinical assessment for a patient with suspected
thoracic trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate the following techniques of management for thoracic
injuries: Needle decompression Fracture stabilization Elective intubation ECG monitoring Oxygenation and ventilation |
|
|
|
|
ABDOMINAL INJURIES |
2 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to
integrate pathophysiologic principles and the
assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement the
treatment plan for the patient with suspected abdominal trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the epidemiology, including the morbidity/mortality and
prevention strategies for a patient with abdominal trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the anatomy and physiology of organs and structures related
to abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Predict abdominal injuries based on blunt and penetrating mechanisms
of injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe open and closed abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of abdominal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the need for rapid intervention and transport of the patient
with abdominal injuries based on assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the management of abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate the pathophysiological principles
to the assessment of a patient with abdominal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between abdominal injuries based on the assessment and
history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression for patients with abdominal trauma based
on the assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for patients with abdominal trauma
based on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and
prevention strategies for solid organ injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of solid organ
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with solid organ injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the treatment plan and management of solid organ injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and
prevention strategies for hollow organ injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of hollow organ
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with hollow organ
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the treatment plan and management of hollow organ injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and
prevention strategies for abdominal vascular injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of abdominal
vascular injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with abdominal vascular
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the treatment plan and management of abdominal vascular
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and
prevention strategies for pelvic fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of pelvic
fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with pelvic fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the treatment plan and management of pelvic fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and
prevention strategies for other related abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the pathophysiology of other related
abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the assessment findings associated with other related
abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the treatment plan and management of other related abdominal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Apply the epidemiologic principles to develop prevention strategies
for abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate the pathophysiological principles
to the assessment of a patient with abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between abdominal injuries based on the assessment and
history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression based upon the assessment findings for a
patient with abdominal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for a patient with abdominal
injuries, based upon field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Advocate the use of a thorough assessment to determine a differential
diagnosis and treatment plan for abdominal trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Advocate the use of a thorough scene survey to determine the forces
involved in abdominal trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Value the implications of failing to properly diagnose abdominal
trauma and initiate timely interventions to patients with abdominal trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate a clinical assessment to determine the proper treatment
plan for a patient with suspected abdominal trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate the proper use of PASG in a patient with suspected
abdominal trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate the proper use of PASG in a patient with suspected pelvic
fracture. |
|
|
|
|
MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES |
4 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to
integrate pathophysiological principles and the
assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement the
treatment plan for the patient with a musculoskeletal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of musculoskeletal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the musculoskeletal system. |
|
|
|
|
|
Predict injuries based on the mechanism of injury, including: Direct Indirect Pathologic |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the types of musculoskeletal injuries: Fracture (open and closed) Dislocation/
fracture Sprain Strain |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of
musculoskeletal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with musculoskeletal
injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
List the six "P"s of musculoskeletal
injury assessment. |
|
|
|
|
|
List the primary signs and symptoms of extremity trauma. |
|
|
|
|
|
List other signs and symptoms that can indicate less obvious extremity
injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the need for assessment of pulses, motor and sensation before
and after splinting. |
|
|
|
|
|
Identify the need for rapid intervention and transport when dealing
with musculoskeletal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of musculoskeletal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the general guidelines for splinting. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the benefits of cold application for musculoskeletal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the benefits of heat application for musculoskeletal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe age-associated changes in the bones. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of open and
closed fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the relationship between volume of hemorrhage and open or
closed fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings associated with fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the usefulness of the pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG) in
the management of fractures. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the special considerations involved in femur fracture
management. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of dislocations. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings of dislocations. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the out-of-hospital management of dislocation/ fractures,
including splinting and realignment. |
|
|
|
|
|
Explain the importance of manipulating a knee dislocation/ fracture
with an absent distal pulse. |
|
|
|
|
|
Describe the procedure for reduction of a shoulder, finger or ankle
dislocation/fracture. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of sprains. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings of sprains. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of sprains. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of strains. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings of strains. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of strains. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the pathophysiology of a tendon
injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the assessment findings of tendon injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Discuss the management of a tendon injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrate the pathophysiological principles
to the assessment of a patient with a musculoskeletal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Differentiate between musculoskeletal injuries based on the assessment
findings and history. |
|
|
|
|
|
Formulate a field impression of a musculoskeletal injury based on the
assessment findings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Develop a patient management plan for the musculoskeletal injury based
on the field impression. |
|
|
|
|
|
Advocate the use of a thorough assessment to determine a working
diagnosis and treatment plan for musculoskeletal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Advocate for the use of pain management in the treatment of
musculoskeletal injuries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate a clinical assessment to determine the proper treatment
plan for a patient with a suspected musculoskeletal injury. |
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstrate the proper use of fixation, soft and traction splints for
a patient with a suspected fracture. |
|
|
|
|
SUCCESSFUL
COMPLETION OF PHTLS OR BTLS |
9 |
8 |
0 |
|
|
Suggested
Resources |
Bledsoe, et al; Essentials
of Paramedic Care 1st
ed., 2003; Brady Prentice
Sanders, et al; Mosby’s
Paramedic Textbook 2nd
ed., 2002; Mosby Publishing,
Bledsoe, et al; Paramedic
Care: Principles & Practice- Vol. 4-Trauma Emergencies 1st
ed.; 2001; Brady-Prentice
Campbell, John; Basic
Trauma Life Support, 4th ed., 2000; Brady Prentice
NAEMT; PHTLS
Basic and Advanced Prehospital Trauma Life Support
5th ed.; 2003; Mosby Publishing,