Standard |
EMS 134 - Medical Emergencies
(To Review
Previous Version of this Standard and Guide, Click Here)
Provides an in-depth study of the nervous, endocrine,
gastrointestinal, renal, hematopoietic, and immune systems. Topics include
epidemiology, pathophysiology, assessment, and management of specific
injuries/illnesses. Emphasis is placed on allergies/anaphylaxis, toxicology,
environmental emergencies, and infectious and communicable diseases. General/specific pathophysiology assessment
and management are discussed in detail for environmental emergencies.
Infectious and communicable disease topics include public health principles,
public health agencies, infection, pathogenicity, infectious agents, and
specific infectious disease processes and their management. This course provides instruction on topics
in Division 5 (Medical), Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the
USDOT/NHTSA Paramedic National Standard Curriculum.
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Competency Areas |
Hours
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Assessment/Management of the Following Emergencies: |
Class |
4 |
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Neurological, Endocrine, Gastrointestinal, Renal, Hematopoietic |
D. Lab |
1 |
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Assessment/Management of Allergic Reaction/Anaphylaxis |
P. Lab/O.B.I. |
0 |
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Assessment/Management of Toxicological and Environmental Emergencies |
Credit |
4 |
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Assessment/Management/Access to Public Health Organizations for Infectious/Communicable diseases
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Prerequisites: |
AHS 101, EMS 126, EMS 127, EMS 128, EMS 129 |
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Corequisite: |
None |
Course Guide |
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Competency |
After completing this
section, the student will: |
Hours |
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Class |
D.Lab |
P.Lab/ O.B.I. |
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ASSESSMENT/MANAGEMENT OF THE FOLLOWING EMERGENCIES: NEUROLOGICAL, ENDOCRINE, GASTRO-INTESTINAL, RENAL,
HEMATOPOIETIC |
28 |
0 |
0 |
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Neurological Emergencies |
Describe
the incidence, morbidity and mortality of neurological emergencies. |
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Identify
the risk factors most predisposing to the nervous system. |
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Discuss
the anatomy and physiology of the organs and structures related to the
nervous system. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of non-traumatic neurologic emergencies. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with non-traumatic neurologic emergencies. |
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Identify
the need for rapid intervention and the transport of the patient with
non-traumatic emergencies. |
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Discuss
the management of non-traumatic neurological emergencies. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of coma and altered mental status. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with coma and altered mental status. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of coma and altered mental status. |
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Describe
the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and prevention
strategies, for seizures. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of seizures. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with seizures. |
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Define
seizure. |
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Describe
and differentiate the major types of seizures. |
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List
the most common causes of seizures. |
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Describe
the phases of a generalized seizure. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of syncope. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with syncope. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of syncope. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of headache. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with headache. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of headache. |
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Describe
the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and prevention
strategies, for neoplasms. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of neoplasms. |
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Describe
the types of neoplasms. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with neoplasms. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of neoplasms. |
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Define
neoplasms. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to neoplasms. |
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Correlate
abnormal assessment findings with clinical significance in the patient with
neoplasms. |
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Differentiate
among the various treatment and pharmacological interventions used in the
management of neoplasms. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
neoplasms. |
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Describe
the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and prevention
strategies, for abscess. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of abscess. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with abscess. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of abscess. |
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Define
abscess. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to abscess. |
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Correlate
abnormal assessment findings with clinical significance in the patient with
abscess. |
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Differentiate
among the various treatment and pharmacological interventions used in the
management of abscess. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with abscess. |
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Describe
the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and prevention
strategies, for stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Describe
the types of stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Define
stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Correlate
abnormal assessment findings with clinical significance in the patient with
stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Differentiate
among the various treatment and pharmacological interventions used in the management
of stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with stroke
and intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Describe
the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and prevention
strategies, for transient ischemic attack. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of transient ischemic attack. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with transient ischemic attack. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of transient ischemic attack. |
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Define
transient ischemic attack. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to transient ischemic attack. |
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Differentiate
among the various treatment and pharmacological interventions used in the
management of transient ischemic attack. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
transient ischemic attack. |
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Describe
the epidemiology, including the morbidity/ mortality and prevention
strategies, for degenerative neurological diseases. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of degenerative neurological diseases. |
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Discuss
the assessment findings associated with degenerative neurological diseases. |
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Discuss
the management/treatment plan of degenerative neurological diseases. |
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Define the following: a. Muscular dystrophy b. Multiple sclerosis c. Dystonia d. Parkinson’s disease e. Trigeminal neuralgia f. Bell’s palsy g. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis h. Peripheral neuropathy i. Myoclonus j. Spina bifida k. Poliomyelitis |
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Correlate
abnormal assessment findings with clinical significance in the patient with
degenerative neurological diseases. |
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Differentiate
among the various treatment and pharmacological interventions used in the
management of degenerative neurological diseases. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
degenerative neurological diseases. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles of the patient with a neurological
emergency. |
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Differentiate
between neurological emergencies based on assessment findings. |
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Correlate
abnormal assessment findings with the clinical significance in the patient
with neurological complaints. |
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Develop
a patient management plan based on field impression in the patient with neurological
emergencies. |
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Endocrinology
emergencies |
Describe
the incidence, morbidity and mortality of endocrinologic emergencies. |
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Identify
the risk factors most predisposing to endocrinologic disease. |
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Discuss
the anatomy and physiology of organs and structures related to endocrinologic
diseases. |
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Review
the pathophysiology of endocrinologic emergencies. |
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Discuss
the general assessment findings associated with endocrinologic emergencies. |
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Identify
the need for rapid intervention of the patient with endocrinologic
emergencies. |
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Discuss
the management of endocrinologic emergencies. |
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Describe
osmotic diuresis and its relationship to diabetes. |
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Describe
the pathophysiology of adult onset diabetes mellitus. |
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Describe
the pathophysiology of juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. |
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Describe
the effects of decreased levels of insulin on the body. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient with
a diabetic emergency. |
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Discuss
the management of diabetic emergencies. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with a
diabetic emergency. |
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Differentiate
between the pathophysiology of normal glucose metabolism and diabetic glucose
metabolism. |
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Describe
the mechanism of ketone body formation and its relationship to ketoacidosis. |
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Discuss
the physiology of the excretion of potassium and ketone bodies by the
kidneys. |
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Describe
the relationship of insulin to serum glucose levels. |
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Describe
the effects of decreased levels of insulin on the body. |
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Describe
the effects of increased serum glucose levels on the body. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of hypoglycemia. |
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Discuss
the utilization of glycogen by the human body as it relates to the
pathophysiology of hypoglycemia. |
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Describe
the actions of epinephrine as it relates to the pathophysiology of
hypoglycemia. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms of the patient with hypoglycemia. |
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Describe
the compensatory mechanisms utilized by the body to promote homeostasis
relative to hypoglycemia. |
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Describe
the management of a responsive hypoglycemic patient. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with hypoglycemia. |
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Discuss
the management of the hypoglycemic patient. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
hypoglycemia. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of hyperglycemia. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms of the patient with hyperglycemia. |
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Describe
the management of hyperglycemia. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with hyperglycemia. |
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Discuss
the management of the patient with hyperglycemia. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
hyperglycemia. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms of the patient with nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. |
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Describe
the management of nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. |
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Discuss
the management of the patient with hyperglycemia. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
hyperglycemia. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms of the patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. |
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Describe
the management of diabetic ketoacidosis. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with diabetic ketoacidosis. |
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Discuss
the management of the patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with diabetic
ketoacidosis. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of thyrotoxicosis. |
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Recognize
signs and symptoms of the patient with thyrotoxicosis. |
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Discuss
the management of the patient with thyrotoxicosis. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
thyrotoxicosis. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of myxedema. |
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Recognize
signs and symptoms of the patient with myxedema. |
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Describe
the management of myxedema. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with myxedema. |
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Discuss
the management of the patient with myxedema. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
myxedema. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of Cushing's syndrome. |
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Recognize
signs and symptoms of the patient with Cushing's syndrome. |
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Describe
the management of Cushing's syndrome. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with Cushing's syndrome. |
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Discuss
the management of the patient with Cushing’s syndrome. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
Cushing's syndrome. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of adrenal insufficiency. |
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Recognize
signs and symptoms of the patient with adrenal insufficiency. |
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Describe
the management of adrenal insufficiency. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with adrenal insufficiency. |
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Discuss
the management of the patient with adrenal insufficiency. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a
field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with adrenal
insufficiency. |
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Integrate
the pathophysiological principles to the assessment of a patient with an
endocrinological emergency. |
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Differentiate
between endocrine emergencies based on assessment and history. |
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Correlate
abnormal findings in the assessment with clinical significance in the patient
with endocrinologic emergencies. |
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Develop
a patient management plan based on field impression in the patient with an
endocrinologic emergency. |
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Gastrointestinal
emergencies |
Describe
the incidence, morbidity and mortality of gastrointestinal emergencies. |
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Identify
the risk factors most predisposing to gastrointestinal emergencies. |
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Discuss
the anatomy and physiology of the organs and structures related to gastrointestinal
diseases. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of inflammation and its relationship to acute abdominal
pain. |
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Define
somatic pain as it relates to gastroenterology. |
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Define
visceral pain as it relates to gastroenterology. |
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Define
referred pain as it relates to gastroenterology. |
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Differentiate
between hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic abdominal pain. |
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Discuss
the signs and symptoms of local inflammation relative to acute abdominal
pain. |
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Discuss
the signs and symptoms of peritoneal inflammation relative to acute abdominal
pain. |
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List
the signs and symptoms of general inflammation relative to acute abdominal
pain. |
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Based
on assessment findings, differentiate between local, peritoneal and general
inflammation as they relate to acute abdominal pain. |
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Describe
the questioning technique and specific questions the paramedic should ask
when gathering a focused history in a patient with abdominal pain. |
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Describe
the technique for performing a comprehensive physical examination on a
patient complaining of abdominal pain. |
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Define
upper gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to upper gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Describe
the management for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Integrate
pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field
impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with upper GI
bleeding. |
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Define
lower gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to lower gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Describe
the management for lower gastrointestinal bleeding. |
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Integrate
pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field
impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with lower GI
bleeding. |
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Define
acute gastroenteritis. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of acute gastroenteritis. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to acute gastroenteritis. |
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Describe
the management for acute gastroenteritis. |
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Integrate
pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field
impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with acute
gastroenteritis. |
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Define
colitis. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of colitis. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to colitis. |
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Describe
the management for colitis. |
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Integrate
pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field
impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with colitis. |
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Define
gastroenteritis. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of gastroenteritis. |
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Describe
the management for gastroenteritis. |
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Integrate
pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field
impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
gastroenteritis. |
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Define
diverticulitis. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of diverticulitis. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to diverticulitis. |
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Describe
the management for diverticulitis. |
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Integrate
pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field
impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with
diverticulitis. |
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Define
appendicitis. |
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Discuss
the pathophysiology of appendicitis. |
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Recognize
the signs and symptoms related to appendicitis. |
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Describe
the management for appendicitis. |
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