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Standard |
Posted: 03/18/08
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R State Standard £ Institutionally
Developed College: N/A |
OPD
112 – Eyewear Lens Selection and Dispensing
Course
Description
This course continues students' study of
eyewear dispensing techniques. Emphasis is placed on gaining clinical
experience in providing service to the eyewear consumer. Topics include:
prescription lens materials; lens positioning; multifocal lenses; absorptive
lenses; special lens coatings; prescription lens selection; lens finishing; use
and care of eyewear; matching lenses to consumer needs; and optical,
physiological, and psychological problems.
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Competency Areas |
Hours |
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Prescription
Lens Materials |
Class |
2 |
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Lens
Positioning |
D.
Lab |
4 |
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Multifocal
Lenses |
P.
Lab/O.B.I. |
6 |
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Absorptive
Lenses |
Credit |
6 |
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Special
Lens Coatings |
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Prescription
Lens Selection |
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Lens
Finishing |
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Use and Care of
Eyewear |
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Matching Lenses To
Consumer Needs |
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Optical,
Physiological, and Psychological Problems |
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Prerequisite: |
OPD
109 |
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Corequisite: |
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Course
Guide |
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Competency |
After completing
this section, the student will be able to: |
Hours |
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Class |
D.Lab
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P.Lab/ O.B.I. |
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PRESCRIPTION LENS MATERIALS |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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History |
Discuss
the discovery of glass and the historical development of the glassmaking
process. |
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Describe
modern glassmaking techniques. |
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Compare the batch
method to the continuous flow method. |
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Discuss
the historical development of plastic lens materials. |
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Compare
the advantages and disadvantages of thermoplastic and thermosetting
materials. |
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Lens
materials |
Identify
the different lens materials used for prescription lenses. |
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Describe
the index of refraction and specific gravity for each lens material. |
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Compare
the advantages and disadvantages of various lens materials. |
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Identify
specific uses for high-index and impact-absorbing lenses. |
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LENS
POSITIONING |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Corrected
curve lenses |
Identify
the six aberrations of lenses and describe common lens design difficulties. |
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Discuss
the historical use of flat-form lenses. |
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Describe
the development of corrected curve lenses from meniscus and periscopic forms
to modern minus-cylinder lenses. |
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Base
curves |
Discuss
the use of base curves to minimize lens aberrations in corrected curve lens
design. |
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Select
the proper base curve for a given lens prescription transmittance. |
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Describe
common complaints and solutions for base curve selection errors. |
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Pantoscopic
angle |
Discuss
the roles of pantoscopic, orthoscopic, and retroscopic angle in corrected
curve lens design. |
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Describe
the proper pantoscopic angle in relation to the face plane and the height of
the optical center. |
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Calculate
the vertical placement of the optical center for a given amount of
pantoscopic angle. |
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Face-form
(panabolic curve) |
Discuss
the roles of positive and negative face-form in corrected curve lens design. |
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Describe
proper face-form in relation to the decentration of the optical center. |
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Calculate
the amount and type of face-form for a given amount of decentration. |
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Prism |
Describe
the unwanted prismatic effects created by improper optical center placement. |
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Identify
the ANSI tolerances for vertical and horizontal prism. |
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Calculate
the amount of unwanted prism created by improper optical center placement. |
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MULTIFOCAL
LENSES |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Segment |
Identify
the different shapes, sizes, and styles of multifocal segments. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of each type of multifocal segment. |
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Describe
the common location of the segment optical center for each multifocal style. |
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Progressive
addition lenses |
Identify
the common styles of progressive addition lenses. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of spherical versus aspherical designs. |
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Describe
the concept of the progressive corridor. |
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Describe
the correct positioning, ordering, fitting, and verification procedures for
progressive addition lenses. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of progressive addition lenses versus
conventional multifocals. |
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Image jump |
Discuss
the concept of image jump through multifocal lenses and its effects upon the
wearer. |
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Identify
multifocal segment styles that minimize or eliminate image jump for a given
prescription. |
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Calculate
the amount of image jump for a given prescription and multifocal segment. |
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Object displacement |
Discuss
the concept of object displacement through multifocal lenses and its effects
upon the wearer. |
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Identify
multifocal segment styles that minimize or eliminate object displacement for
a given prescription. |
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Calculate
the amount of object displacement for a given prescription and multifocal
segment. |
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Vertical
prism imbalance |
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Discuss
vertical prism imbalance through multifocal lenses and its effects upon the
wearer. |
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Identify
lens prescriptions that contain vertical prism imbalance. |
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Describe
six methods for reducing or eliminating vertical prism imbalance. |
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Calculate
the amount of vertical prism imbalance for a given multifocal prescription. |
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Vertex distance |
Define
vertex distance and describe how it is measured. |
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Describe
how the dioptric power of a lens changes when the vertex distance of the
spectacles differs from the vertex distance given in the prescription. |
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Calculate
dioptric power changes and the compensated power of lenses for changes in
vertex distance. |
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ABSORPTIVE
LENSES |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Metallic oxides |
Identify
metallic oxides commonly used to color glass lenses. |
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Describe
the process to add metallic oxides to glass lenses. |
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Describe
the concept of uniform density films. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of absorptive and uniform density lenses. |
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Photochromic lenses |
Describe
the properties of lenses containing silver halide crystals within the lens
matrix. |
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Describe
the responses of photochromic lenses to UV, IR, and visible light. |
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Describe
the response of photochromic lenses to temperature changes. |
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Discuss
the concept of exposure memory. |
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Contrast
the optical and thermal methods of bleaching photochromic lenses. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of photochromic lenses. |
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SPECIAL
LENS COATINGS |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Scratch resistance |
Identify
lens coating materials which are scratch resistant. |
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Describe
the process used to apply scratch resistant coatings to lenses. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of scratch resistant coatings. |
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Antireflection |
Identify
lens coating materials which are antireflective. |
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Describe
the process used to apply antireflective coatings to lenses. |
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Calculate
the thickness and index of refraction of the antireflective film for a given
lens material. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of antireflective lens coatings. |
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Tint |
Identify
lens tinting materials used to color lenses for cosmetic purposes. |
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Describe
the process used to apply cosmetic color coatings to lenses. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of cosmetic color coatings. |
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Identify
lens coating materials for ultraviolet protection. |
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Describe
the process used to apply ultraviolet protection coatings to lenses. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of ultraviolet protection coatings. |
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Identify
lens coating materials which provide special transmittance qualities. |
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Describe
the process used to apply special transmittance coatings. |
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Discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of special transmittance coatings. |
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PRESCRIPTION
LENS SELECTION |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Material selection |
Analyze
individual consumer needs in the areas of lens parameters, intended use, prescription,
and breakage resistance requirements. |
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Multifocal |
Determine
the type of lens and seg style by analyzing consumer's vocational and
avocational needs. |
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Wearer's
characteristics |
Identify
consumer height, posture, age, near vision work area, near vision habits,
mobility, physical limitations, and general health to match lenses to
consumer needs. |
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LENS
FINISHING |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Parameters |
Describe
the visual and optical effects of the following lens parameters: base curve,
power, sign, axis, centering, multifocal height, size, fit, tilt, index of
refraction, lens thickness, weight, and prismatic effect. |
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Equipment |
Operate
lens finishing equipment to produce lenses with parameters that conform to
ANSI standards. |
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USE
AND CARE OF EYEWEAR |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Cleaning |
Instruct
consumers in the proper methods of cleaning frames. |
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Instruct
consumers in the proper methods of cleaning lenses. |
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Instruct
consumers in the special cleaning methods for coated lenses. |
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Storage |
Identify
various storage methods and containers for eyewear. |
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Instruct
consumers in the proper methods of storing eyewear. |
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Safety |
Instruct
consumers in methods of preventing lenses from fogging during climate
changes. |
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Examine
lenses to determine if scratches are deep enough to weaken hardened lenses. |
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Advise
consumers on frame and lens types and styles required for specific
occupations. |
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Eyewear use |
Instruct
consumers in exposure memory and break-in methods for photochromic lenses. |
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Instruct
consumers in the proper use of progressive addition lenses for distant,
intermediate, and near visual tasks. |
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Instruct
consumers in the proper use of occupational, specialty, and absorptive
lenses. |
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MATCHING LENSES TO CONSUMER NEEDS |
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Lenses |
Describe
the materials and types of single vision lenses available. |
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Describe
the materials and types of multifocal lenses available. |
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Describe
the types of tints, coatings, and surface treatments available for lenses. |
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Specialty lenses |
Describe
the types of lenses, tints, and coatings best suited for high- minus and
high-plus prescriptions. |
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Describe
the types of lenses, tints, and coatings designed for specific occupations,
sports, hobbies, lifestyle, and recreational activities. |
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Describe
the types of lenses, tints, and coatings designed for aphakic and
pseudophakis lens prescriptions. |
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Describe
the types of lenses, tints, and coatings designed for retinitis pigmentosa
and macular degeneration. |
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Consumer's
lifestyle |
Analyze
a consumer's lifestyle. |
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Inform
consumer of eyewear options and assist in selecting the type and style of
eyewear. |
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OPTICAL,
PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
|
2 |
4 |
6 |
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Analysis |
Determine
the type of problem being reported by the consumer. |
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Determine
if the eyewear is the source of the problem reported by the consumer. |
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Solution |
Communicate
to the consumer the options available to correct the eyewear problems. |
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Perform
appropriate actions to solve the problem after the consumer decides upon a
plan of action. |
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Suggested
Resources |
Books
Brooks, C. F. (1983). Essentials
for Ophthalmic Lens Work.
Brooks, C. F., & Borish,
Stein, & Slatt. (1988). Ophthalmic
Assistant: Fundamentals and Clinical Practice (5th ed.).
Audiovisuals
The following title(s) format(s) are available from:
Intermediate
Dispensing Skills Series/VCR tapes
(1989)
"Light, Nanometers, and the Spectrum,"
(IDS-1)
"Reflection and Refraction of Light Rays,"
(IDS-2)
"All About Base Curves," (IDS-3)
"Vertex Compensation in Higher Powers,"
(IDS-4)