DISEASE STATES AND TREATMENT MODALITIES

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 Disease States

Define disease states

Explain how disease alters body function

Treatment Modalities

Describe modern treatment modalities (e.g., diet/exercise, medication, surgical intervention/ radiation).

Discuss rationale for drug use.

Discuss risk benefit ratios.

Describe patient variables, including disease state effects.

Discuss systemic administration (e.g., oral, sublingual-buccal, inhalation, rectal, and parenteral.)

Discuss local administration to skin and mucous membranes, to ears and eyes, and irrigations.

Explain dose-response relationships.

Discuss absorption, biotransformation, and excretion.

PHARMACEUTICAL SIDE EFFECTS AND DRUG INTERACTIONS

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 Side Effects

Distinguish between useful and harmful drug interactions, and describe how useful interactions are used in drug therapy.

Discuss the types of drug interactions, including drug-drug, drug-food, and drug-lab test interactions.

Describe the F.D.A. reporting system for adverse drug RXNs, and how to initiate an adverse drug RXN report.

Define side effect, adverse drug reaction, and drug interaction.

CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

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Characteristics

Define the term controlled substance as described by both State and Federal law.

Describe the characteristics that differentiate each controlled substance schedule, I through V.

Give at least three examples of drugs in each schedule.

Recordkeeping

Describe the procedures and recordkeeping required by law for handling controlled substances, including any special regulations based on the ordering, receiving, storage, dispensing, and return/ destruction.

SPECIFIC DRUGS                      

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Prescription drugs

List the generic name, the usual dose, and the classification/category of drug use for the most commonly prescribed trade name drugs.

Nonprescription drugs

Differentiate between prescription and nonprescription.

Therapeutic Classifications

Know the uses, mechanism of action, and side effects of the following therapeutic classifications and give examples of drugs in each:

• Anti-infectives and drugs for the common cold
• Narcotic pain relievers and other nervous system drugs
• Respiratory, GI, renal, and cardiac drugs
• Non-narcotic analgesics, muscle relaxants, hormones, and topicals
• Chemotherapy, herbs, and miscellaneous drugs

DRUG ADDICTION AND ABUSE

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Drug addiction

Define addiction, including differences between physical and psychological addiction.

Discuss the characteristics of an "addictive personality."

Describe the elements which contribute to the addictive potential of a therapeutic class of medication.

Link therapeutic class with the type of addiction (physical or psychological) most common with that class.

Describe the actions an addicted person may take to obtain the object of abuse, and what methods this person may use to hide their addiction.

Drug abuse

Discuss abuse of medical, and non- medical substances, as well as abuse of activities.

Treatment modalities

Describe the treatment modalities used with addiction and substance abuse.